The ORF6 protein of tomato mosaic virus ( ToMV) strain L (L-ORF6), interacts in vitro with eukaryotic elongation factor 1Î±, and mutation of the ORF6 gene of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) strain U1 (U1-ORF6) reduces the pathogenicity in vivo of TMV, whereas expression of this gene from two other viruses, tobacco rattle virus (TRV) and potato virus X (PVX), increases their pathogenicity. ORF6 is a small gene that overlaps the movement and coat protein genes of subgroup 1a tobamoviruses. Gushchin, Vladimir A Lukhovitskaya, Nina I Andreev, Dmitri E Wright, Kathryn M Taliansky, Michael E Solovyev, Andrey G Morozov, Sergey Y MacFarlane, Stuart A The most effective disease management has been the u.ĭynamic localization of two tobamovirus ORF6 proteins involves distinct organellar compartments. These seed-borne and mechanically transmitted viruses are difficult to control. USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript databaseįor many years, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Tomato mosaic virus ( ToMV) are the two major tobamoviruses that have a serious impact on tomato productions worldwide. Molecular, serological and biological characterization of the emerging tomato mottle mosaic virus on tomato The use of tobamovirus mutants is a promising approach to making a variety of components that can be applied to fabricate nanometer-scaled electronic devices. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and superconducting quantum interference device analysis suggest that the particles consisted of Co-Pt alloy. Amino acid residues facing the central channel of the virus were modified to increase the number of nucleation sites. We used genetically modified tube-shaped tobamoviruses to produce 3 nm aligned magnetic nanoparticles. Kobayashi, Mime Seki, Munetoshi Tabata, Hitoshi Watanabe, Yuichiro Yamashita, Ichiro These results, together with other analyses, show that CTMV-W is a new crucifer tobamovirus, that the five crucifer tobamoviruses can be classified into two subgroups based on MP gene organization, and that the rate of sequence change is not the same in all lineages.įabrication of aligned magnetic nanoparticles using tobamoviruses. Thus CTMV-W was most similar to ORMV and TMV-Cg in sequence, but only marginally so, whereas the location and size of its MP gene was the same as cr-TMV amd TVCV. Comparison of the sequence with homologous regions of thirteen other tobamovirus genomes showed that it had much higher identity to those of four other crucifer tobamoviruses, 85.2% to cr-TMV and turnip vein-clearing virus (TVCV), 87.4% to oilseed rape mosaic virus (ORMV) and 87.1% to TMV-Cg, than to those of other tobamoviruses. This includes the 3' non-coding region of 235 nucleotides, coat protein (CP) gene (468 nucleotides), movement protein (MP) gene (798 nucleotides) and C-terminal partial readthrough portion of 180 K protein gene (940 nucleotides). The 3' terminal 2378 nucleotides of a wasabi strain of crucifer tobamovirus (CTMV-W) infectious to crucifer plants was determined. Shimamoto, I Sonoda, S Vazquez, P Minaka, N Nishiguchi, M Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 3' terminal region of a wasabi strain of crucifer tobamovirus genomic RNA: subgrouping of crucifer tobamoviruses. Based on these results, we discuss possible roles of the tobacco remorin in tobamovirus movement. In addition, transient overexpression of NtREM facilitated ToMV cell-to-cell movement. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay indicated that NtREM might interact directly with the MP on the plasma membrane and around plasmodesmata. NtREM aggregates were often observed associated closely with endoplasmic reticulum networks and bodies of the 126K replication and MPs.

Subcellular localization analysis using fluorescently tagged NtREM, ToMV, and viral replication and movement proteins (MPs) indicated that virus infection and transient expression of the viral proteins promoted the formation of NtREM aggregates by altering the subcellular distribution of NtREM, which was localized uniformly on the plasma membrane under normal conditions. In this study, we isolated cDNAs of tobacco remorins (NtREMs) and examined roles of an NtREM in infection by tomato mosaic virus ( ToMV). A potato remorin is reported to be involved in negatively regulating potexvirus movement and plasmodesmal permeability. Remorins are plant specific proteins found in plasma membrane microdomains (termed lipid or membrane rafts) and plasmodesmata. Sasaki, Nobumitsu Takashima, Eita Nyunoya, Hiroshi Altered Subcellular Localization of a Tobacco Membrane Raft-Associated Remorin Protein by Tobamovirus Infection and Transient Expression of Viral Replication and Movement Proteins

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